Improvement in telegraph-sounders



i tubes,

l of the sounding in a variety of ways and with past line c into the cavity of the mouth UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ELTsr-IA wILsON, or'NEw HAVEN, CONNECTICUT.

IMPROVEMENT |N TELEGRAPH-SOUNDERS.

' Specilication forming part of Letters Patent No. 57,632, dated August 7, 1866.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, ELIsHA WILSON, of the city and county of N ew Haven, and State ot Connecticut, have invented an improvement in the application and perfection of sounders and sounds produced from pipes, or any instrument that can be made to sound by air, vapor, or gas to the purposes of electro-telegraphy; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

The nature of my invention consists, rst, in reducing and modifying the size ofthe sounding-instrument and changing the proportions of the several parts until the least practicable amount of air or vapor is consumed to produce audible sounds, in order to obtain, rst,greater economy in the. expenditure of the sounding agency 5 second, control less power; third, in improving the quality of sound for telegraphic communication, having' less resonance and blending of tone, and more articulation or distinctness in rapid utterance.

It consists, second, in the application of the ordinary Water-cistern and inverted gas-holder, both for gathering and distributing air when air is used, and also the employment of this, in connection with other appliances, to renew the supply without interrupting the sound.

My invention is represented in the drawlngs.

Like letters refer to like parts.

Figure lrepresents a position of pi-pe P in which the sound of small pipes can be controlled at the end of the barrel with the common open valve-stop c. The arrangement and position of the magnet m and its armature l is also apparent in the same figure. The pipe in this case must be constructed to sound when closed.

lll find it essential generally to place the lower end of block a, Fig. l, which forms the passage of the throat o, even with the upper lip, u, as indicated by the blue line c, or in as far as the blue line d. If allowed to extend y: as

represented in the drawings, it is liable `to sound both open and closed in many cases unless the current flows in with a very gentle and uniform pressure. The utterance is effected when valve v closes, and ceases when' the latter opens the end of pipe P.

Fig. 2 represents a mode sound at the mouth y by a valve-stop, o. ln this case either an employed.

To control the open valve-stop or any similar device by the electro-magnet, the dimensions of all the parts, especially of the throat o, must be essentially reduced until the quantity of the outlowing current becomes too diminished to signicantly oppose the ee movements of the armature Z. A pipe the dimension of P in Fig. l is large enough for Ordinary reading. A still smaller willanswer, althoughrthe diameter of the barrel can be enlarged to three-sixteenths of an inch or more, provided the throat is sufficiently compressed. By reduced dimensions a` diminution in the volume of sound without reference to pitch is also obtained, which, having less blending of tones, gives a voice more adapted to rapid utterance.

Fig. 3 represents an apparatus like the ordinary gas holder and cistern for gathering and supplying air to sound-instruments for telegraphic purposes.

U is the water-cistern.

with itsopen end inverted rod, g,

The air-reservoir T, into C, has a guideattached and running through a support at s,whic11is fixed at s ori the side of the cistern.

A cord, d d, having a handle, h, runs through loops or pulleys P P, and is attached to the air-reservoir by the hinged valve n n, which latter covers an opening, a, throughthe holder T. To operate this, after the cistern is filled with water, raise thevreservoir T nearly out of the water by the cord d d. This act opens the valve n. The air iows in at at, and fills4 the reservoir as it rises. When released the valve n is instantly closed by the spring thand the'inclosed air can escape only by an "exit provided for it-viz., the tube, visible only at w, which extends up through the cistern above the Water and opens into the holder T. Should the reservoir be too heavy for the pressure required counterbalance it by weights adj usted to the cord d ol. l

Several instruments may be supplied from a single reservoir. l

of controlling the open or closed pipe may be The aperture ashould be large, that1 the reservoir may fill rapidly.

If two lreservoirs are used in connection, one can be filled While the other is in use; or if each sounding-instrument has a small eX- pansive supply-reservoir or ordinary gas-bag attached, the supply will be maintained constant and uninterrupted during the process of raising and filling the main reservoir T.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The employment of the open Valve-stop o, or any equivalent therefor, to control the sounding at the end, at the mouth, or at the side ot' air, gas, or vapor sounding-instruments for telegraphic communication.

2. Modifyin g the mouth and throat and generally reducing the dimensions of air, gas, or vapor sounding-instruments, in order thereby to ,diminish the amount and force of the cnrrent until it ceases to lessentially interfere with the free action of the armature-lever l and valve directly or indirectlyopposed to it, and also to economize the sounding medium used, and to improve the tone for rapid utterance for telegraph communication.

3. The combination of the Valve n n and cord d d, to both raise and fill the reservoir in one act, for the same purpose.

4. The combined use of two or more reservoirs in connection, or With each instrument of a small expansive reservoir or gas-bag, that the supply may be continuous While the reservoir is being raised and iilled to supply air for telegraphic Sounders.

ELISHA WILSON.

Witnesses E. I. SANFORD, C. C. `BLA'rcI-ILEY. 

